Abstract
Soil is a powerful nonrenewable asset that embraces life on earth by furnishing nutrients to plant. Degradation of soil health due to indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and industrialization has become predominant environmental concern with high preeminence. In view of the present scenario, soil microbes are the most important candidates for improving soil fertility and health. The plant growth-promoting microbes are used for enhancing soil fertility under stressed and normal environment. Soil holds variety of microbial species such as fungi, bacteria, mosses and liverwort. The prevalence of microbes is an indicator of soil biological activities and regulates physical and chemical properties of soil. It enhances soil health and crop productivity by diverse mechanisms like biofortification of nutrients, bioremediation of soil, regulation of nutrient cycling, antibiosis, rhizosphere competence, secretion of enzymes, stimulation of systemic resistance in host plant, and production of metabolites, volatile compounds and antifungal toxins against pathogens. Interaction of plant and microorganisms results in plant growth promotion and disease control under fluctuating environment and enables sustainable agriculture without compromising ecosystem balance. Thus, the inclusive use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria promotes soil fertility that encourages sustainable agriculture production under extreme condition.
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