PLANT BIODIVERSITY OF MONITORING POINTS V.AMANGELDY ALMATY REGION

Abstract

The article provides a systematic analysis of the species composition of plants of the flora of v. Amangeldy, Almaty region. The comprehensive study of regional floras is becoming increasingly important in connection with the implementation of the solution to the problem of studying and preserving biological diversity. Complete information about the composition of the flora of a territory is of great theoretical importance, it allows establishing the structure and Genesis of its components, to identify individual characteristics, to restore the history of formation and trends. This ultimately is the basis of rational use of plant resources and protection of rare and endangered plants, as well as to solve many important economic problems - identifying new sources and resources of medicinal, food, fodder, ornamental and other plants. One of the main characteristics of any flora is its systematic structure, namely the ratio of families, genera and species, on the one hand, and the quantitative indicators of these taxa that determine its wealth, on the other. These indicators are components of a systematic analysis of flora in general and coenoflora in particular, the data obtained using such analysis are important material for comparative floristry. From this point of view, the systematic structure of the flora acquires the significance of one of the essential indicators that characterize the flora in the regional plan. The study of the species composition of the flora is of great importance both for understanding the history of flora and landscapes of the region as a whole, and for finding ways to conserve and use biodiversity under conditions of increasing anthropogenic pressure. Research was carried out by route-reconnaissance method in combination with a detailed study of experimental sites. In the study area – V. Amangeldy was first identified: 112 species from 88 genera and 29 families, with the dominance of the families Asteraceae (24 species or 21.4 %, 17 genera), Rosaceae (15 species or 13.39%, 11 genera), Brassicaceae (11 species, or 9.82 %, 9 genera) from Dicotyledons, and Poaceae (11 genera, 12 species, or 10.71 %) from Monocotyledonous plants. The dominant families account for 62 species, which is 55.36 % of the total number of plant species growing in this territory. Leading genera Artemisia, Potentilla and Rumex. On the territory of the study, 33 forage plant species were identified: Bromus inermis (Leyss.) Holub., Rumex confertus Willd., Trifolium pratense L., Poa bulbosa L., etc. In connection with the degradation of the vegetation cover number of weed plants was 75 species, among which are: Rumex crispus L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Cannabis ruderalis Janisch., Lathyrus tuberosus L. and other. Endemic and rare species were not found. The results of the research will serve as a basis for the rational use of the flora of Amangeldy village in Almaty region, as well as for the conservation of biodiversity. Obtained as a result of a systematic analysis of the flora of Amangeldy, it will help to identify the centers of endemism and relict, as well as to solve the issues of the place and role of this flora in a number of other adjacent floras.