Plant and Its Biomolecules on Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for the Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles are the noble metal nanoparticles having a wide range of applications on different departments such as biomedical engineering, biotechnology, electrical and electronic engineering, etc. The techniques of synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extract are developed a lot due to its eco-friendly and low-cost effect. The different parts of the plant like fruits, seeds, bark, leaves, stem, and fruit peels are used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with different properties. In this book chapter, we explained the different parts of plants used for the green preparation of silver nanoparticles and the size, shape, surface plasmon resonance, and functional groups involved in the synthesis process are explained. The characterization of plant-mediated synthesized silver nanoparticles using scanning electron microscope, UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was explained. Finally, the antibacterial and antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts were explained with the details of methods used for the assay.