PLANNING OF SUSTAINED LANDSCAPING OF RADIATION POLISHED AGROLANDSHAFT GROUPS ON THE TOPOLOGICAL LEVEL (BY THE EXAMPLE OF BILOTSERKIV DISTRICT OF THE KYIV REGION)

Abstract

The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological questions of substantiation of sustainable (balanced) land use at the local level. These issues are solved on the example of the Bila Tserkva district of the Kyiv region, the landscape structure, economic use and radioecological state of which is typical for the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The role and nature of sustainable land use. On the basis of conducted researches and calculations the directions of optimization of local land use are offered. The spatial and temporal regularities of radiation contamination of soils and self-cleaning of agricultural landscapes from radionuclides are revealed. On the basis of these laws and estimates of the state of landslide differentiation of agrolandscapes a set of measures for optimization of local sustainable (balanced) land use is, proposals for planning a rational organization of nature use within the Bila Tserkva district of the Kyiv region have been developed. The research carried out allows us to assume that the most complex environmental problems of agricultural production and land use are radiation pollution of agricultural land, which is complicated by soil erosion, humus depletion and lack of basic elements of mineral nutrition of plants, limited by the introduction of fertilizers. To optimize the use of land and obtain conditionally clean agricultural products, it is determined that a long-term plan for reducing the area of eroded arable land and replacing it with ecostabilizing lands is necessary. The purpose of this plan is the gradual approximation of the functional (industrial) territorial structure of the agro-landscape to its natural-landscape structure. According to the results of the study, it was determined that the following steps should be taken to implement this plan: 1) to exclude agro-landscape strips of erosion-hazardous slopes with steepness of more than 3-5 from the arable circulation and to create within these bands cultural pastures with grass not lower than 10 cm. will allow to reduce the inflow of radioactive substances with turf, which contains a significant portion of radionuclides, and to use effectively and environmentally safe agricultural landscapes, which are now the most polluted. In addition, seizure is an effective means of combating water erosion; 2) to conserve agricultural land with a pollution density of more than 15 Ki / km2 located in the north-eastern part of the studied area.