Abstract

ABSTRACT The conventional account of socialist planning proposes that annual plans were sets of imperative requirements that kept the economic actors from planning for themselves and doomed them to inefficiency. This article claims that planning was an intricate mechanism of negotiations between economic, political and social actors, mediated and regulated, but never actually subdued by the communist party based on an analysis of the Bulgarian 1963 reforms, largely neglected by the historians. Furthermore, the conventional account claims that the 1960’s economic reforms intended to repair the socialist economies by supplementing planning with market elements, such as profit and credit, yet the reforms were compromised by the political elite. This article claims that, on the contrary, the reforms intended to repair the socialist economic system by inscribing mechanisms of horizontal bargaining in its very core, irreducible to the vertical bargaining described by Janos Kornai.

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