Planning a Park and Ride System: A Literature Review

Abstract

The Park and Ride (P&R) system is integrated into the transport infrastructure of a city’s urban environment. P&R is an intermodal connection point between private vehicles and public transport, and therefore is considered a fundamental element in transport planning. The planning of a P&R system is linked to numerous parameters related to transport planning, such as origin and purpose of travel in the P&R system, P&R location problem, P&R and potential demand, P&R and catchment area, P&R and public transport, and P&R in the future transportation (autonomous, electric vehicles). Thus, the planning process becomes essential for the successful implementation of the P&R system. However, most studies have shown each part of the planning process separately. Therefore, the researchers in this paper have conducted a comprehensive analysis of the available literature on P&R system planning, and studies that consider the planning sections separately are to be part of the complete research. In conclusion, the planning of P&R facilities should not be regarded as a separate mobility design element. Instead, it should be viewed as an essential component integrated into the city’s urban environment.