Planar defects and heterostructure in diamond structure photonic crystals

Abstract

Three dimensional diamond structure photonic crystals with planar defects and heterostructure fabricated by rapid prototyping and gel casting with alumina were studied. The influence of ordinary planar defect and twinned planar defect on the transmission properties of the electromagnetic wave in the photonic crystals was first investigated. The normalized resonant intensities are 0.5 and 0.58 for ordinary and twinned planar defect photonic crystals (PCs). The resonant intensity of electromagnetic wave in the twinned planar defect PC is stronger than that in the ordinary planar defect PC and the resonant peak width of the twinned planar defect PC is narrower and steeper than that of the ordinary planar defect PC. The resonant peak intensity and frequency of planar defect modes increase firstly and then decrease with the increase of the planar defect sizes. The strongest resonant peak intensity lies at the defect size with 0.5 mm. If the defect size is more than 2.5 mm, the resonant mode will disappear. In the heterostructure PC, which was realized by combining two perfect PCs with different lattice constants of 9 mm and 12 mm, the band gaps of the two different PCs can be united together.