Pion condensation in quark matter with finite baryon density

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The phase structure of the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model at zero temperature and in the presence of baryon and isospin chemical potentials is investigated. It is shown that in the chiral limit and for a wide range of model parameters, there exist two different phases with pion condensation. In the first, ordinary phase, the baryon density is zero and quarks are gapped particles. In the second, gapless pion condensation phase, there is no energy cost for creating only u or both u- and d-quarks, and the density of baryons is nonzero.