Abstract
It was previously reported that Ca-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2 could be cofired with nickel inner electrodes in a reducing atmosphere. In the present study, the piezoelectric properties of Sn-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2 ceramics were investigated. We prepared Sn-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2 ceramics and Ca-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2 ceramics by doping with Sn2+ and Ca2+ under reducing calcination. The Curie temperature Tc of the Sn-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2 was 300 °C, which was the same as that of the Ca-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2. The tetragonal–orthorhombic phase transition temperature and piezoelectric constant d33 of the Ca-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2 were 130 °C and 130 pC/N while those of the Sn-doped (K,Na)NbO3 + ZrO2 were 50 °C and 190 pC/N, respectively. These results suggest that the piezoelectric d constant of (K,Na)NbO3-based multilayer ceramics with nickel inner electrodes can be increased by doping with Sn2+ instead of Ca2+.
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