Abstract
ABSTRACT The material properties and damage characteristics of lead zirconate titanate(PZT) ceramics were investigated at various temperatures. A positive voltage was obtained when the sample was cooled from 20°C to −190°C, while a negative voltage was obtained when the sample was heated from −190°C to 180°C. The difference between the positive and negative values depended on the thermal stress. Compressive stress generated a more positive voltage in the cooling process, while tensile stress led to a more negative voltage in the heating process. The voltage values also depended on the cooling (or heating) rate of the sample, e.g. the greater the cooling (or heating) rate, the greater the voltage. When cyclic loading was conducted mechanically at −190°C, the voltage reduced, but it was recovered after heating to 20°C. Damage of the PZT ceramic (90° domain switching) was detected when the sample was cooled to −190°C due to the high thermal stress.
Highlights
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT: Pb(Zr,Ti)O3) ceramics have seen widespread use in a large number of engineering applications, such as in various actuators for precision positioning, vibration suppression equipment, power transducers and vibration sensors
A positive voltage was obtained when the sample was cooled from 20 °C to –190 °C, while a negative voltage was obtained when the sample was warmed from –190 °C to 180 °C
The results can be summarized as follows: (1) A positive voltage was generated when the sample was cooled from 20 °C to − 190 °C, whereas a negative voltage was generated when the sample was heated from − 190 °C to 180 °C
Summary
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT: Pb(Zr,Ti)O3) ceramics have seen widespread use in a large number of engineering applications, such as in various actuators for precision positioning, vibration suppression equipment, power transducers and vibration sensors. In these applications, PZT ceramics are sometimes used under severe conditions, e.g. at high (or low) temperatures and high humidity. Some researchers have examined the temperature-dependent behavior of the piezoelectric properties in constitutive relations using a thermodynamic approach [7] They found that the electrostriction coefficient is affected by the chemical composition. Information about the change of the piezoelectric properties of PZT ceramics at low and high temperatures could be significant for the design process. The material properties of PZT ceramics were investigated over a wide temperature range under the static and cyclic loading
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