Pielonefritis en el anciano hospitalizado: uso de un antibiótico habitual y la adecuación a las guías

Abstract

IntroductionPyelonephritis in the elderly present high incidence and morbidity-mortality. The increase in resistance makes good empirical handling essential. MethodsRetrospective observational study in people over 65 years old admitted during 2012-2017 to Palencia and Salamanca hospitals with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Inadequate empirical antibiotic treatment was defined if it conformed to the indications of the SEIMC Guide (2016). Results292 episodes, mean age 82±10 years, 48.3% male. Escherichia coli 53.8% and Klebsiella spp 8. 9% were the most frequently microbiological isolation found. 180 episodes (61.6%) received inadequate empirical treatment. The two most frequent causes were the use of antibiotics not included in the guidelines 107 (59.5%) and the use of 2nd-3rd generation cephalosporins in patients with risk factors for Extended spectrum betalactamases 63 (35%). Absence of identification of risk factors of extended-spectrum betalactamases was found associated to inadequate empirical antibiotic treatment (p<0,05). Inadequate treatment did not increase mortality (p>0.05). ConclusionsThe adequacy of antibiotic use in the elderly admitted for pyelonephritis according to the SEIMC Guidelines is low. The lack of identification of risk factors for betalactamases-producing Enterobacteriacea was the main factor involved. Inadequate empirical treatment was not associated with increased mortality.