Abstract
In the last forty years the development of the Cognitive Metaphor Theory (Lakoff 1987, 2006, Lakoff & Johnson 1980) has given rise to a great amount of research into metaphor. The study of verbal metaphor was followed by several investigations into visual and multimodal metaphor (Forceville 2007, 2008, 2009). Whereas monomodal metaphor occurs in a single mode of representation, for instance verbal metaphor, pictorial metaphor or auditory metaphor, multimodal metaphor occurring in diverse modes, for instance verbo-pictorial metaphor. In much the same way, there have been numerous studies on metaphor-metonymy interaction cases in specialized genres. In the present article we explore monomodal visual and multimodal verbo-pictorial metaphors, and multimodal cases of metaphor-metonymy interaction (i.e. verbo-pictorial metonymy-based metaphors) in a corpus of Spanish print political cartoon strips drawn from the popular newspaper El Pais.
Highlights
The present article has attempted to develop research into visual monomodal and verbopictorial multimodal metaphor in the genre of political cartooning. Both target and source are represented in the same mode, whereas in multimodal metaphor they are represented in at least two different modes
The corpus-based analysis suggests the frequent use of metaphor and metonymy in Spanish print political cartoon strips and highlights the following facts: (a) Metonymy is found to be very productive to metaphoric activity
A considerable proportion of metaphors are based on a metonymy
Summary
Ruiz de Mendoza and Otal (2002: 58) suggest two types of metonymy: a) Source-in-target metonymies in which the source is a subdomain of the target, e.g. The flute feels sick today, where ‘the flute’ is a subdomain for ‘the musician who plays the flute’. This kind of metonymy involves domain expansion. Domain expansion and domain reduction, as in He has too much lip This type of mapping combines a source-in-target and a target-in-source metonymy. It must be noted that Ruiz de Mendoza’s approach to metaphor and metonymy has helped us to provide a clearer picture of the multimodal metaphors and metonymies found in our corpus
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