Abstract
A series of human-mouse hybrid lines containing eight human biarmed chromosomes was found to be susceptible to infection by all the human picornaviruses tested (eight enteroviruses and two rhinoviruses). Receptors for all of these viruses were present in the hybrid cells and nearly all the receptors were determined exclusively by human genes. The Coxsackie B group was an exception, for there are functioning receptor genes for these viruses in the mouse genome; however, they depended on human genes for multiplication in the hybrids, since they could not multiply in the mouse parental cells. The hybrid lines supported multiplication of all the picornaviruses tested, and nearly all the cells of an infected culture were killed, but virus resistant sublines could be grown from the few survivors. Two types of resistance were encountered. The subline made resistant to poliovirus had lost the polio receptor, presumably through loss of the human chromosome bearing that gene, and remained susceptible to all of the other viruses. The sublines made resistant to one of the other picorna-viruses retained appreciable receptor activity for that virus and were resistant to all the picornaviruses including poliovirus; resistance was therefore not achieved by loss of a receptor gene but by another mechanism which was not virus-specific. The resistant sublines of both types were not markedly different from the sensitive line from which they were derived in their number of human or mouse chromosomes.
Published Version
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