Abstract
Abstract: Due to increased use of treated seeds, studies are necessary in relation to the effects of the treatments and their possible consequences on seed quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate phytotoxicity according to when phytosanitary products are applied on soybean seeds and their effect on seed physiological quality and field performance. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a 9 × 2 factorial arrangement involving 9 seed treatments (fungicides and insecticides) and two application times (60 days before sowing and at the time of sowing in the field). Moisture content was determined and tests were performed to ascertain physiological quality (germination and germination under water restriction). Root and hypocotyl length, seedling length, and vigor and uniformity indices were evaluated with the assistance of Vigor-S®. In the field, the following determinations were made: plant height at 30 and 60 days after emergence, first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and yield. Early seed treatment in the soybean crop can affect initial development of the plants, but it does not affect yield. The phytotoxicity caused by the soybean seed treatment was observed in the root length characteristic.
Highlights
In economic terms, soybean is one of the most important crops in Brazil
Physiological potential is one of the attributes that composes seed quality (Marcos-Filho, 2015), and this should be monitored in internal quality control of seed lots for the commercial seed trade; physiological potential is associated with germination and vigor (Wendt et al, 2017)
In light of the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxicity of seed treatments according to when the phytosanitary products were applied on soybean seeds and their effect on physiological quality and performance in the field
Summary
Soybean is one of the most important crops in Brazil. An area of 36.94 million hectares were dedicated to the crop in the 2019/20 crop year (CONAB, 2020), contributing in a significant manner to Brazilian exports (Santos et al, 2018). Diverse management techniques have been adopted to increase soybean yield; chemical seed treatment is one of the most prominent (Brzezinski et al, 2015). This explains the search for technologies that improve soybean seed performance in the field. In recent years, seed technology has advanced progressively, and physiological potential as well, driven by technological advances through research (Nunes et al, 2014). Physiological potential is one of the attributes that composes seed quality (Marcos-Filho, 2015), and this should be monitored in internal quality control of seed lots for the commercial seed trade; physiological potential is associated with germination and vigor (Wendt et al, 2017)
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