Phytoremediation: A Novel Review on the Efficacy of Aquatic Plants in the Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Wastewater causes significant environmental harm. Researchers have created a variety of approaches to address this issue. In this study, phytoremediation technology was used to remove pollutants from wastewater so that it could be used for other purposes. This technology is one of the most promising because it is inexpensive, ecologically benign, and effective at removing pollutants. Using a methodical mapping approach, the aquatic plant is treated for domestic, commercial, and municipal wastewater as part of the phytoremediation process. Additionally, a comparative descriptive approach was used for the studied variables in the exclusions where it has been found that Eichhornia Crassipes is an aquatic weed that detached NO2- and NO3- up to 93% of industrial wastewater, High CNP-content wastewater was treated using canna lilies. The removal of BOD3 (biological oxygen demand) and COD (chemical oxygen demand) ranged from 69.8 to 96.4% and 63.6 to 99.1%, respectively. In 21 days, Azolla filiculoides eliminated from municipal wastewater BOD (63%), PO43 (84%), SO42- (83%), Cl (76%), NO3- (76%), COD (79%), and EC (49%).