Abstract
Biological treatment systems face many challenges in winter to reduce the level of nitrogen due to low temperatures. The present work aimed to study an electrochemical treatment to investigate the effect of applying an electric voltage to wastewater to reduce the ammonium nitrogen and COD (chemical oxygen demand) in domestic wastewater. This was done by using an electrochemical process in which a platinum-coated titanium material was used as an anode and stainless steel was used as a cathode (25 cm2 electrode area/500 mL). Our results indicated that the removal of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+–N) and the lowering of COD was directly proportional to the amount of electric voltage applied between the electrodes. Our seven hour experiment showed that 97.6% of NH4+–N was removed at an electric voltage of 5 V, whereas only 68% was removed with 3 V, 20% with 1.2 V, and 10% with 0.6 V. Similarly, at 5 V, the removal of COD was around 97.5%. Over the seven hours of the experiment, the pH of wastewater increased from pH 7.12 to pH 8.15 when 5 V was applied to the wastewater. Therefore, electric voltage is effective in the oxidation of ammonium nitrogen and the reduction in COD in wastewater.
Highlights
Electrochemical wastewater treatment is a process wherein an electric field is applied between electrodes to remove various pollutants present in wastewater
The effects of an electric voltage on the electrochemical removal of ammonium nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of domestic wastewater were studied in batch electrolytic reactors
The results of this study revealed that the electrochemical treatment of domestic wastewater
Summary
Electrochemical wastewater treatment is a process wherein an electric field is applied between electrodes (anode and cathode) to remove various pollutants present in wastewater. The efficiency of the electrochemical removal of ammonium nitrogen and COD are affected by several factors such as Cl− concentration, pH, current density [11,12], electric voltage applied [7,13], and type of electrode material used, the anode material [3,14,15,16]. Among all of these factors, the type of anode material used and electric voltage applied are the most important factors determining the operating cost and removal efficiency of an electrochemical treatment process
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