Phytochemical screening and biological activities of Syzygium cumini seed extracts

Abstract

The research aimed to identify the bioactive compounds present in Syzygium cumini seeds by GC-MS and to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities of seed extract. Phytochemical analysis revealed that phenols and flavonoids were more abundant in comparison to other compounds. The results of antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH assay and anti-inflammatory activity as measured by albumin denaturation assay revealed that the acetone extract exhibited significant antioxidant (inhibition %—93.08 ± 0.43% and IC50—22.10 µg/mL) and anti-inflammatory activity (inhibition % 80.04 ± 0.52% and IC50—43.67 µg/mL). The extracts exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity with the zone of inhibition varying from 10.67 ± 0.75 to 16.67 ± 1.07 mm among which Staphylococcus aureus was more susceptible followed by Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. GS-MS profiling revealed about 14 major bioactive compounds. S. cumini seed could be further utilized in pharmaceutical and food industries as a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agent.