Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Hippobroma longiflora Extracts

Abstract

This study aims to identify the secondary metabolite compounds and to test the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and chloroform fraction of Hippobroma longiflora leaves. Extraction was carried out by the maceration method using ethanol. The resulting crude ethanol extract was then partitioned with n-hexane and chloroform. Each extract and fraction was then tested by phytochemical screening. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The phytochemical screening test showed that the ethanol extract contained flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and alkaloids; the n-hexane fraction contained steroids, and alkaloids; and the chloroform fraction contained flavonoids, steroids, and alkaloids. Analysis of the antioxidant activity revealed the following Inhibitory Concentration (IC50 values): 9.57 ppm of ethanol extract, 99.59 ppm of n-hexane fraction, 48.54 ppm of chloroform fraction, and 4.30 ppm of ascorbic acid. Based on these results, the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was more potential than the n-hexane and chloroform fractions, but smaller than ascorbic acid.