Abstract
Gardenia latifolia Ait. (Rubiaceae) is also known as Indian Boxwood is a small deciduous tree often growing in southern states of India. In the present study, phytochemical profiling of methanolic extract of G. latifolia fruits were carried out using FTIR and LC-MS/MS analysis. Besides, its antioxidant and antimicrobial potential have been analysed using DPPH activity, differential pulse voltammetry and resazurin microtiter assay, respectively. Phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of 22 major diversified compounds and main were 3-caffeoyl quinic acid (chlorogenic acid), 3,4-Di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, 6-O-trans-feruloylgenipin gentiobioside, 10-(6-O-trans sinapoyl glucopyranosyl) gardendiol, isoquercitrin, scortechinones, secaubryenol, iridoids and quercetin 3-rutinoside (rutin). The extract showed antioxidant activity (IC50 = 65.82) and powerful antibacterial activity with lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (15.62 µg/µL), Bacillus subtilis (31.25 µg/µL) than gram negative Escherichia coli (62.5 µg/µL), Klebsiella pneumoniae (62.5 µg/µL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31.25 µg/µL). This study shows that the fruits of G. latifolia have tremendous potential to be used in food industries, phyto-therapeutics and cosmetic industries.
Highlights
Gardenia latifolia Ait. (Indian Boxwood) is a tree species belongs to the family Rubiaceae, which is habituated in southern parts of India in dry forests
Presence of majority compounds in methanolic fruit extract implies that the solvent is having potential owing to its higher efficiency and solubility of phytochemical compounds
This study has evaluated the antioxidant activity from the sample using differential pulse voltammetric method and showed reproducible results with DPPH assay
Summary
Gardenia latifolia Ait. (Indian Boxwood) is a tree species belongs to the family Rubiaceae, which is habituated in southern parts of India in dry forests. (Indian Boxwood) is a tree species belongs to the family Rubiaceae, which is habituated in southern parts of India in dry forests. It has been used as a toy making species and has medicinal properties owing to the presence of secondary metabolites. G. latifolia fruits are reported to be used as folk medicine for treating various ailments such as haemorrhage in humans, skin diseases, dental caries, stomach pain, snake bite and ephemeral fever in live stocks [1,2,3]. G. latifolia fruit is rich in nutrients and medicinal properties but detailed phytochemical analysis responsible for these medicinal properties has been poorly explored
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