Abstract
Orchids have been used in various traditional medicinal systems for their potential therapeutic properties. Dendrobium anceps Sw. is an important medicinal orchid used to treat various diseases. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the phytochemical profile and conduct GC-MS analysis on different solvent extracts derived from D. anceps. The shade-dried leaf powder was subjected to cold extraction using n-hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol as solvents. Qualitative phytochemical screening was then performed on the resulting crude leaf extracts, following established standard protocols, to identify various phytocompounds. Following this, the methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts of D. anceps were subjected to GC-MS analysis. The results of the qualitative phytochemical screening indicated that the methanol leaf extract of D. anceps exhibited the presence of phytochemicals such as proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids. Further, GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate and methanol leaf extracts showed 33 different phytochemical compounds (18 in ethyl acetate and 15 in methanol leaf extracts). The major compounds recorded in ethyl acetate leaf extract are oleic acid, phytol, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 2H-1-Benzopyran-4,7-diol, 3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-. Compounds such as oleic acid, flavone, thujopsene, bicyclo[7.7.0]hexadec-1[9]-ene, 1-eicosene, and 1-docosene were identified in both the leaf extracts. The findings of the present study conclude that the phytocompounds identified in these leaf extracts possess several biological activities such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Further research on this plant has the potential to unveil novel bioactive compounds that can be utilized in the development of pharmaceuticals for various health conditions, thereby reducing our reliance on synthetic drugs.
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