Abstract
Diabetes is one of the commonest global diseases affecting both sexes and phytomedicine is currently among the foremost replacements for orthodox drug; Polyalthia longifiola is among the locally used herbal remedies for various ailments. The onus of this research was to investigate the phytochemical constituents and potential of P. longifiola aqueous leaf extract against alterations in liver and kidney functions in rats injected with alloxan. Phytochemical evaluation of the aqueous plant leaf extract indicated that terpenes, non-reducing sugar, flavonoid, resin, phenol, gums and mucilage were present. The contents of total flavonoids and phenol in the plant leaf are 55.56 μg catechin equivalent/g and 1.62 g/ 100g DW, respectively. The plant extract administered reduced the glucose concentration of the diabeticinduced animals in a dose dependent manner. This reducing potential of glucose by the plant is as a consequence of the availability of these phytochemicals in the extract of the plant. Alterations in liver function biomarkers (serum ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, TB and DB) caused by the hyperglycemic state of the test animals were reversed as the extract was given to the diabetic rats. Kidney function makers such as creatinine, urea and uric acid were also reduced upon administration of hypoglycemic drug and aqueous plant extract and improved as time progressed. Thus P. longifiola (mast tree) aqueous leaf extract has ameliorative effects on liver and kidney functions of rats induced with diabetes and could be used in management of type 2 diabetes even at a concentration of 100 mg/kg bwt.Keywords: Polyalthia longifiola, hypoglycermic agent, hepato-renal toxicity, amelioration
Highlights
Diabetes is one of the popular global diseases affecting both sexes
Experimental Animals: Adult male rats that were used in the work were of the weight range of 100-200g. They were bought from the animal house, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria and fed for a period of one week with grower marsh purchased from Dutch Farm Limited, Abraka and water ad libitum
Diabetes was induced in these animals by the injection of alloxan monohydrate which caused hyperglycemia via the destruction of the pancreas
Summary
Diabetes is one of the popular global diseases affecting both sexes. Polyalthia longifiola (the mast tree) is commonly used in beautification of surrounding; the mast tree is commonly referred to as Ashoka in India because of its close resemblance with the Ashoka tree (Katkar et al, 2010) and in Nigeria it is commonly referred to as a masquerade tree because of its shape. Beyond its usage for horticulture it is used in India and other African countries as a source of herbal treatment for hypertension among other maladies. The purpose of this work was to investigate the phytochemical constituents and potential of P. longifiola aqueous leaf extract against alterations in hepatic and renal functions in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
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