Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Moroccan Lavandula angustifolia Mill.

Abstract

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a major public health problem. The emergence and spread of multi-resistant bacteria, associated with the limited number of antibiotics in development have led to a therapeutic deadlock. So, finding new bioactive natural products has become a necessity. The aim of our study is to screen the chemical composition and to study the antibacterial activity of essential oils of Moroccan Lavandula angustifolia Mill. The essential oils used in this study were extracted by hydrodistillation using a clevenger-type apparatus according to the European Pharmacopoeia. The chemical composition was investigated using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method and by the determination of MIC and MBC. The major compounds of Lavandula angustifolia were : linalool (21.81%), 1,8-cineole (18.07%), camphor (11.89%), linalyl acetate (10.21%), borneol (8.47%) and α-terpineol (5.00%) and the essential oils yield was of 2.32%. L. angustifolia essential oils demonstrated a strong antibacterial activity against tested bacteria : E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, best known to be largely responsible for skin wounds infections. The results of this study suggest that the essential oils of L. angustifolia have an interesting antimicrobial effect and may be a new potential source for a natural antimicrobial applied in pharmaceutical field and to develop a new wound healing product.