Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Screening of Artocarpus integer from Indonesia

Abstract

Artocarpus integer is one of the seasonal fruits in Indonesia that is similar to jackfruit. Artocarpus integer plant has been widely used as a traditional medicine to cure malaria, tuberculosis, and as antibacterial agents. In this research, the ethanol extracts of leaf and flesh of Indonesian. Artocarpus integer were screened for their phytochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities using DPPH test. The aim of this research is to investigate and compare the antioxidant activities between A. integer flesh fruit and leaves using DPPH method. Furthermore, antibacterial tests against Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli were also done for the leaf extract. The phytochemical screening results showed that the ethanol extract from Indonesian Artocarpus integer fruit flesh contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, and phenolics compounds whereas the leaves did not contain alkaloids and saponins. Meanwhile, the DPPH test showed that both leaf and fruit flesh extracts had good antioxidant activity potential with IC50 of 79.80 ± 5,92 ppm and IC50 of 68.11 ± 6,67 ppm, respectively. The Artocarpus integer leaf extract showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes with Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MIC) of 713.76 mg/ ml, but showed no antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.