Phytochemical and Biological Activity of Rice Bran: A Review

Abstract

Rice is most commonly food consumed by human beings all over the world. It is easily cultivated by the various countries. Rice is an annual plant. It grows in an area with a rich supply of water. The height of rice bran depends on the depth of water. 13500 years ago, Oryza sativa was the first rice plant which is cultivated in the Yangtze River basin. Rice bran is a milling product of rice. Various study shows that rice bran consists of various phytochemical constituent. This constituent consists of vitamin E, thiamine, Niacin, and minerals, Tocotrienol, oryzanol, tocopherol, gallic acid, vanillic acid, etc and nutritional components like carbohydrates, protein, fat and dietary fiber, vitamins, andminerals, etc. rice bran useful for health and contain antioxidant property due to presence of tocopherol, tocotrinol and gama-oryzanols. Traditionally rice bran is used as a treatment for various diseases like diabetes, cancer, liver disease, heart disease, etc. It is also used as a skincare product. Due to the presence of tocopherol, Tocotrienol, and gama-oryzanols rice bran is used for the treatment of various diseases or disorders like cancer, hypertension, lowering serum cholesterol, skin-related problems, insulin sensitivity, etc. during various studies shown by various scientists that rice bran has a rich source of a nutritional constituent, medicinal value as well as neutraceutical value. Various food industries use rice bran as a neutraceutical ingredient. Rice bran is rich source of gama-oryzanol. Hence it is used to improve disease conditions. Several studies prove the biological effect of rice bran improving hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesteremia, lowering cholesterol levels, cancer, skin problems, and various diseases.