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Abstract
Antennaria dioica (L.) Gaertn. and Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. are two species of the Asteraceae family, known in Romanian traditional medicine for their diuretic, choleretic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenolic and sterolic composition of flowers from the two species and to assess their antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal properties. LC-MS analyses were performed on methanolic, ethanolic and 70% v/v ethanolic extracts, before and after acid hydrolysis, and revealed high amounts of polyphenols. Chlorogenic acid was found as the main compound for the flowers of A. dioica (502.70 ± 25.11 mg/100 g d.w.), while quercitrin was dominant in H. arenarium (424.28 ± 21.21 mg/100 g d.w.) in 70% v/v ethanolic extracts before hydrolysis. Antioxidant capacity assays showed an important antioxidant potential, which can be correlated with the determined polyphenolic compounds, showing the 70% v/v ethanolic extracts of the two species as being the most effective antioxidant samples for the DPPH assay. Antibacterial and antifungal assays confirm a modest biological potential for the same extract of both species. Results obtained in the present study bring important data and offer scientific evidence on the chemical composition and on the biological activities of the flowers belonging to the two species.
Highlights
The Asteraceae family, which comprises more than 1600 genera, with over 23,000 species, widespread in different types of climates and regions all over the world, is the largest family of flowering plants [1,2]
Merili et al [15] studied the extracts obtained from the flowers of A. dioica and isolated ursolic acid, chlorogenic acid, apigenin-7-O-glucoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside
The present study aimed to investigate the phenolic, flavonoidic and sterolic composition of A. dioica (L.) Gaertn. and H. arenarium (L.) Moench. collected from the Romanian spontaneous flora and to assess their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties
Summary
The Asteraceae family, which comprises more than 1600 genera, with over 23,000 species, widespread in different types of climates and regions all over the world, is the largest family of flowering plants [1,2]. Among these compounds, a special attention has been given to polyphenols, and especially to flavonoids, which provide for these species important uses in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industry, that are due to their important medicinal properties as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal or antibacterial ones [4]. (Figure 1) are two species belonging to the same tribe (Gnaphalieae) [6,7] of the Asteraceae family [8,9] These species are widespread across the European continent, especially in Central and Eastern countries and are known in traditional medicine for their use in the treatment of different pathologies. Romanian sources mention both under the same phytonyme, describing their use for the treatment of jaundice [16]
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