Abstract
Phytates represent a complex class of natural occurring compounds formed during the maturation process of seeds and grains, the main storage form of phosphorus in vegetables. The phytate molecule is a major anti-nutritional factor for monogastrics animals, possessing in their structure highly ionizable groups orthophosphate, which affect the availability of minerals in the gastrointestinal tract. Phytases form a group of enzymes with the ability to release phosphorus bound to phytate molecule, with the aim of increasing the utilization of phosphorus for absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate parameters of the medium, such as the concentration of nitrogen and carbon source in the production of phytase by Aspergillus niger var. phoenicis URM 4924, using a factorial design. To evaluate the influence of parameters of the culture medium in the production of phytase was carried out factorial design and response surface methodology. The best conditions for production of phytase (8.80 U/mL) in submerged fermentation by A. niger var. phoenicis URM 4924 were 1.25% of the carbon source (rice bran) and 3.0% nitrogen source (corn steep liquor). A. niger var. phoenicis URM 4924 has potential for biotechnological production of phytase can be added to feed non-ruminant animals, thus contributing to the increased use of nutrients and production rates.
Highlights
Phytates represent a complex class of natural occurring compounds formed during the maturation process of seeds and grains, the main storage form of phosphorus in vegetables
Phytases form a group of enzymes with the ability to release phosphorus bound to phytate molecule, with the aim of increasing the utilization of phosphorus for absorption
To evaluate the influence of parameters of the culture medium in the production of phytase was carried out factorial design and response surface methodology
Summary
O fungo utilizado para a produção da fitase foi o Aspergillus niger var. phoenicis URM 4924, cedido pela coleção de culturas URM do Departamento de Micologia – UFPE. O fósforo inorgânico do extrato enzimático foi determinado utilizando água ultrapura (350 μL) mais o extrato enzimático (50 μL) acrescido da solução AAM e ácido cítrico 1 M como descrito pelo método anteriormente citado. Para avaliar a influência de parâmetros do meio de cultivo, realizaram-se planejamentos fatoriais, foram analisados os efeitos das fontes de carbono (farelo de arroz) e da fonte de nitrogênio (milhocina) na produção de fitase. Os nutrientes do meio de cultura foram selecionados em experimento prévios e foi elaborada uma matriz do planejamento fatorial completo (22), para estudar a influência das concentrações da fonte de nitrogênio (% FN = 1,0; 1,5 e 2,0%) e da fonte de carbono (% FC = 0,25, 0,5 e 0,75%) sobre a produção de fitases (U/mL) em 60, 72 e 84 horas. Todas as análises estatísticas e gráficas foram realizadas utilizando o auxílio do software Statistica 8.0 (SAS, 2004)
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