PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF UPLAND RICE; WATER AND NITROGEN UPTAKES AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY UNDER WET AND PARTIAL DRYING SOIL CONDITIONS

Mganga Joshua Fimbo Kitilu

doi:10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i6.2021.3914

Abstract

Rice is an important cereal and staple food crop in Tanzania, the rice production has not met the demand, mainly due to water shortage. Dissemination of New Rice for Africa (NERICA) has been in progress to improve production in upland rice ecosystem. A pot experiment was conducted in a split plot design at university farm to elucidate water uptake, water use efficiency and nitrogen uptakes for two NERICA cultivars (NERICA1 and 2) and two Japanese rice cultivars ( and ). Amount of transpired water was recorded every day until maturity. Nitrogen uptake at booting and maturity growth stage were compared between these cultivars. The results indicated that amount of water transpired was greater for NERICA cultivars in the period from booting to maturity, in particular, under the dry soil condition. All the cultivars showed similar slope of regression lines between amount of transpired water and dry matter production (Water use efficiency), Nitrogen concentration per unit weight was higher in NERICA rice than in Japanese rice during grain filling stage. These results indicate that NERICA’s rice cultivars have high productivity due to higher water and Nitrogen uptake during grain filling stage compared with the Japanese rice cultivars tested.

Highlights

Agriculture is an important sector for social-economic development in Tanzania “National Rice Development Strategy” (2009), and have been the major source of staple food production and source of income for the poor small householder farmers in the marginalized area of the country
Japanese cultivars, ability of carbon assimilation likely degraded at the period, The high dry matter accumulation in grain illing stage of New Rice for Africa (NERICA) cultivars revealed by this study is in line with the indings reported by Matsunami et al (2010) who found an increment of approximately 900-1000 g m−2 during grain illing period in shoot dry weight of NERICA, while the increase was only 600-700 g m-2 for Japanese Yumenohatamochi cultivar
Water and N uptake in NERICA cultivars were apparently higher than in Japanese cultivars tested depending on growth stages, water regime and nitrogen level condition in soils

Summary

Introduction

Agriculture is an important sector for social-economic development in Tanzania “National Rice Development Strategy” (2009), and have been the major source of staple food production and source of income for the poor small householder farmers in the marginalized area of the country. Agricultural sector has remained susceptible to climate change and variability within and between the. How to cite this article (APA): Fimbo, K. Physiological responses of upland rice; water and nitrogen uptakes and water use ef iciency under wet and partial drying soil conditions. International Journal of Research - GRANTHAALAYAH, 9(6), 405-417.

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion