Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in the 2005 and 2006 wet seasons in Bagré, Burkina Faso, to assess the differences in paddy yield and nitrogen (N) utilization of the New Rice for Africa (NERICA) lowland varieties. The test consists of a split-plot design with four replications. The main plots were represented by four NERICAs (NERICA L 41, NERICA L 60, NERICA L 20, and NERICA L 19) and one control (4418). Subplots were constituted with five rates of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg N ha-1). Significant differences (P<0.001) among varieties were observed in paddy yield and nitrogen uptake. Without nitrogen application (0N), NERICAs insure a good grain yield compared to the control (4418). The N-use efficient varieties that produced high paddy yield at both low and high levels of N were NERICA L 41, NERICA L 20 and NERICA L 19. NERICA L 60 that is not significantly different to the control (4418) appears less efficient as compared to the three other NERICAs. Key words: Nitrogen uptake, fertilizer-N use efficiency, paddy yield, irrigated rice.
Highlights
IntroductionDemand has grown at an annual rate of 3% between 1973 and 1992 compared with an annual population growth rate of 2.9%, which can be explained by changing consumer preferences (Africa Rice Center, 2008)
Rice is developing as a major staple food crop of Burkina Faso
For the 2006 wet season, results show two heterogeneous groups; New Rice for Africa (NERICA) L 41 has got the best paddy yield. It differs significantly from 4418 and NERICA L 60 varieties. It forms with NERICA L 20 and NERICA L 19, a heterogeneous group
Summary
Demand has grown at an annual rate of 3% between 1973 and 1992 compared with an annual population growth rate of 2.9%, which can be explained by changing consumer preferences (Africa Rice Center, 2008). The annual per capita consumption increased from 18.2 kg in 1999 to 21 kg in 2008 (MAHRH, 2010). It reached 50 kg per person in urban centers in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso. Domestic production in paddy rice was 195,102 tons in 2008, 249,063 tons in 2011 and 319,390 tons in 2013 (CEFCOD, 2013). In-country production covers 42% of the demand estimated at 255 176 tons of white rice, and 58% is met from imports (CEFCOD, 2013). While irrigated lowlands comprise only about 23% of the total rice area, this system is characterized by considerably higher yields and contributes about 53% to national rice production (INERA-DGPER, 2010)
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