Abstract
This study examined the physiological, perceptual, and performance responses to a 2-wk block of increased training load and compared whether responses differ between high-intensity interval (HIIT) and low-intensity training (LIT). Thirty recreationally trained males and females performed a 2-wk block of 10 HIIT sessions (INT, n = 15) or 70% increased volume of LIT (VOL, n = 15). Running time in the 3000 m and basal serum and urine hormone concentrations were measured before (T1) and after the block (T2), and after a recovery week (T3). In addition, weekly averages of nocturnal heart rate variability (HRV) and perceived recovery were compared with the baseline. Both groups improved their running time in the 3000 m from T1 to T2 (INT = -1.8% ± 1.6%, P = 0.003; VOL = -1.4% ± 1.7%, P = 0.017) and from T1 to T3 (INT = -2.5% ± 1.6%, P < 0.001; VOL = -2.2% ± 1.9%, P = 0.001). Resting norepinephrine concentration increased in INT from T1 to T2 (P = 0.01) and remained elevated at T3 (P = 0.018). The change in HRV from the baseline was different between the groups during the first week (INT = -1.0% ± 2.0% vs VOL = 1.8% ± 3.2%, P = 0.008). Muscle soreness increased only in INT (P < 0.001), and the change was different compared with VOL across the block and recovery weeks (P < 0.05). HIIT and LIT blocks increased endurance performance in a short period. Although both protocols seemed to be tolerable for recreational athletes, a HIIT block may induce some negative responses such as increased muscle soreness and decreased parasympathetic activity.
Highlights
The aim of the athletic training process is to produce adequate stimuli that would lead to positive training adaptations
Group, average running speed and distance covered in the basic sessions were 9.8 ± 1.5 ·h-1 and
T could be tolerable for recreational athletes, the highintensity interval (HIIT)-block induced some negative P responses compared to LIT-block, such as increased muscle soreness and decreased heart rate variability (HRV)
Summary
The aim of the athletic training process is to produce adequate stimuli that would lead to positive training adaptations. The variables that are typically modified to induce desirable responses are the intensity, duration, and frequency of training (1). In long-term periodization, it seems necessary to perform high-volumes of endurance training at low-intensity (1). In short-term periodization, block periodization –altering focus between the volume and intensity— (2) or polarized periodization— mixing low- and high-intensity training— (3) have. D both been suggested to be the most favorable training organization methods. Block periodization protocols have typically focused on high-intensity interval training. E (HIIT) consisting of 1-3-week microcycles of multiple weekly or even daily high-intensity sessions (4). Studies examining the effects of high-volume microcycles have
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