PHYSIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF SOME RICE CULTIVARS UNDER DIFFERET WATER QUALITIES

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr EI-Sheikh, Egypt, during 2010and 2011 summer seasons to investigate the effect of water qualities on some growth attributes, yield, its components and some chemical properties of four rice cultivars namely, Sakha 101and Sakha 102 (short grain and japonica type), and Giza 178 (short grain japonica / indica type) and Giza 182 (long grain indica type). A strip-plot design with four replicates was used in all experiments. The vertical plots were devoted to six water qualities as following: canal water (CW), drainage water (DW), mixed water (MW), and 1 CW: 1DW, 2CW: 1DW, and 1CW:2DW alternatively. The horizontal plots were occupied by the four rice cultivars. (Giza182, Giza178, Sakha 102 and Sakha101). Results showed that most of growth analysis and attributed and yield components significantly increased when rice plants irrigated with drainage water treatment. In addition the drainage water treatment gave the lowest values of the K+% but gave the highest value of Na+% and Na+/K+ratio in straw and grain. The canal water treatment gave the highest values of K+% in straw and grain. The results showed that Giza 178 is more stable under drainage water (DW) than the other cultivars. Study indicated that 2CW: I DW treatment is reasonable and save to irrigate rice plants for fields particularly soils at the end of canal.