Abstract
Two field experiment were conducted at Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC) – Sakha, kafr- El sheikh, governorate, Egypt in 2006 and 2007 seasons., to study the effect of seed rates under different of sowing dates (20th April, 1st May and 10th May) on some rice varieties. Three rice varieties Sakha 101, Sakha 103, Sakha 104 were tested. Three seed rates were used (48, 95 and 144 kg /ha). Nitrogen fertilizer was added as urea form 46.5% N in two splits, 2/3 was applied as mixed in dry soil before flooding irrigation water and 1/3 was added at panicle initiation. Under three different sowing dates 20th April, 1st May and 10th May with seedling age were transplanted 25 days from sowing by 20×20 cm planting spacing. All agricultural practices were added as recommended for each cultivar. The study was arranged as split- split plot design and with four replications; three sowing dates were allocated in the main plots; seeding rates were allocated in sup-plots and three rice varieties were allocated in the sup-sup plots. The results found that maximum tillering, panicle initiation, heading dates, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, 1000-grain weight, panicles length, number of panicles per hill and grain yield (Ton/ha-1) were increase by increased seed rates up to 143 kg seed ha-1. Earlier sowing time (20th April) date of sowing gave had the highest value of all studied characters in Sakha 101 variety and this rice variety surpassed other varieties to all attributes under study. While 30th May date of sowing with Sakha 103 inbred rice gave the lowest value of all traits under study. Key words: Normal soil, rice crop, sowing dates, seed rates, rice varieties, physiological characters, yield.
Highlights
Rice crop is a main crop among different cultivated crops under Egyptian condition and all over the world
Two field experiment were conducted at Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC) – Sakha, kafr- El sheikh, governorate, Egypt in 2006 and 2007 seasons., to study the effect of seed rates under different of sowing dates (20th April, 1st May and 10th May) on some rice varieties
The study was arranged as split- split plot design and with four replications; three sowing dates were allocated in the main plots; seeding rates were allocated in sup-plots and three rice varieties were allocated in the sup-sup plots
Summary
Rice crop is a main crop among different cultivated crops under Egyptian condition and all over the world. Abou Khalifa (2005) found that number of days from sowing up to maximum tillering, panicle initiation and heading date was significant affected by different sowing dates. If assimilate supply to rice is restricted by shading or unfavorable cultivated conditions in the first 10 days of the grain filling period, the grain may be profoundly affected, as grain growth rate is generally highest within the 2 week after heading. El-kallawy (2002) studied the effect of different seeding rates, form 30 to 80 kg seed/fed on seedlings vigor He found that low seed rate has significantly raised the seedling vigor where it gave the highest values of leaf area /plant-1 and leaf number /per stem, Abou Khalifa et al (2005) showed that the optimum seed rate was 114 kg seed /ha-1. The study aims to find the optimum sowing date and best seeding rate with all cultivars under study
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