Physiological and Molecular Characterization of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Malassezia pachydermatis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Reveals No Differences between Canines and Their Owners

Juan Camilo Galvis Marín,Andrés Julián Gutiérrez Escobar,Fernando Borda Rojas

doi:10.4236/ojvm.2018.87010

Abstract

Introduction: The genus Malassezia comprises 17 species of commensal and pathogenic yeasts of homeotherms animal skin. The most common species are M. furfur, M. globosa, and M. sympodialis in humans and M. pachydermatis in animals. However, some publications have reported potentially serious human infections by M. pachydermatis in individuals with risk factors and the isolation of human species from domestic animals. Given the scarcity of information about their capacity for transmission between hosts and zoonotic potential, the aim of the present study was to physiologically and molecularly characterize Malassezia spp. isolates obtained from canines and their human owners. Materials and Methods: An experimental study was conducted at the Veterinary Clinic of Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales of Bogota (Colombia) from July 2015 to December 2016. Phenotypic identification and molecular characterization via the amplification of the 5.8S rDNA- ITS2 and 26S rDNA gene regions, nucleic acid sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were performed on isolates originating from canines with otitis externa and from the skin of healthy owners compatible with Malassezia spp. Results: Eighty samples were cultured, of which 32 (40%) were suggestive of Malassezia spp. A total of 29 out of 46 (63%) isolates in canines and 3 out of 34 (9%) isolates in humans corresponded entirely with M. pachydermatis. Isolates from the canines and their owners presented similar behavior in biochemical and phospholipase activity tests, 100% molecular sequence identities, and close proximity in the phylogenetic trees. Conclusion: The isolation of M. pachydermatis from humans and their dogs with identity based on biochemical, physiological, molecular, and phylogenetic perspectives indicate the ability of this species to adapt to new hosts and its potential for zoonotic transmission. These findings contribute to knowledge of the ecology of this important fungus in human and veterinary medicine.

Highlights

The genus Malassezia comprises 17 species of commensal and pathogenic yeasts of homeotherms animal skin
Phenotypic identification and molecular characterization via the amplification of the 5.8S rDNAITS2 and 26S ribosomal DNA complex (rDNA) gene regions, nucleic acid sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were performed on isolates originating from canines with otitis externa and from the skin of healthy owners compatible with Malassezia spp
Thirty-two positive cultures were obtained for Malassezia spp., of which 29 were of canine origin and 3 were of human origin

Summary

Introduction

The genus Malassezia comprises 17 species of commensal and pathogenic yeasts of homeotherms animal skin. These findings contribute to knowledge of the ecology of this important fungus in human and veterinary medicine. 17 species are recognized [9]-[17]

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Discussion

Conclusion