Abstract
Ammonium perchlorate (APC) as an oxidizer component of solid propellant is studied experimentally due to its complex nature of decomposition reactions concerning solid-stated theories. To reveal the surface-structure chemistry of copper oxide (CuO) as a catalyst to decomposition reactions of APC, CuO (26∼675 nm) in cubical, leaf, leaf sphere, and rod-like structures successfully prepared and crystallized with APC to distinctive CuO/APC (10–20 μm) composites. HAADF-STEM, XPS along Raman, and BET characterize copper oxide's chemically enhanced surface activity. TG-DSC-QMS detects the reaction process between CuO and APC, and a high-speed camera records the combustion process of CuO/APC in the open air. The results show that other than surface area, the surface adsorption oxygen property is the key parameter to control the catalytic effect. The CuO-nanorods provided the highest chemical species of higher Cu1+/Cu2+ along maximal surface adsorb oxygen to chemisorption of NH4+ and ClO4−. The kinetic analysis found an increase in conversion rate, activation energy with a higher frequency factor, and rate constant by CuO addition to APC.
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