Abstract
A high-molecular-weight plant polysaccharide belonging to the hexose glycoside (HG) class and composed of rhamnose (2–10%), arabinose (3–15%), glucose (10–67%), galactose (2–27%), xylose (0.1–3%), and mannose (0.1–5%) monosaccharides, as well as uronic acids (2–5%), had been isolated previously. It has high antiviral activity, as is proven by experimental models using hazardous and extremely dangerous viral infections such as herpes, cytomegalovirus, influenza, encephalitis, measles, rabies, and hepatitis C. The antiviral drug Panavir developed on its basis has an extremely low toxicity (LD50 = 3000) and is an antiviral and immunomodulatory agent. There has been no microscopic (instead of phenomenological) model of its biological or pharmacological activity because of a lack of knowledge about its physicochemical nature. In the present work, the results of a study on the physicochemical properties of the HG macromolecules which makes it possible to qualitatively explain the biological activity and pharmacological properties of Panavir are presented.
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