Abstract
Bio-C Pulpecto (Bio-CP) was recently developed as the first bioceramic root filling material for primary teeth. Objective To evaluate the physicochemical properties of radiopacity, setting time, pH, cytocompatibility and potential of Bio-CP to induce mineralisation, compared with (1) Calen thickened with zinc oxide (Calen-ZO), and (2) zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE).Methodology Physicochemical properties were evaluated according to ISO 6876. Saos-2 (human osteoblast-like cell line) exposed to extracts of the materials were subjected to assays of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, neutral red, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralised nodule production. The results were analysed using one-way or two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s or Bonferroni’s post-tests (α=0.05).Results All the materials showed radiopacity higher than 3 mm Al. Bio-CP had lower pH than Calen-ZO, but higher pH than ZOE. Calen-ZO and Bio-CP did not set. The setting time for ZOE was 110 min. The cytocompatibility order was Calen-ZO > Bio-CP > ZOE (1:2, 1:4 dilutions) and Calen-ZO > Bio-CP = ZOE (1:12, 1:24 dilutions) and Calen-ZO = Bio-CP > ZOE (1:32 dilution). Bio-CP induced greater ALP activity at 7 days, and greater mineralised nodule production, compared to Calen-ZO (p<0.05). Conclusions Bio-CP showed adequate physicochemical properties, cytocompatibility and potential to induce mineralisation.
Highlights
An ideal root canal filling for primary teeth should not hinder the eruption of permanent successor teeth, but rather, should be resorbed as the deciduous tooth roots are physiologically resorbed, and should resorb readily if pressed beyond the apex, be removed if necessary, be radiopaque and not discolour the tooth.1Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) are a combination that has been used as a root canal filling material in primary dentition for a long time.2,3 ZOE is genotoxic and cytotoxic,4 and cannot be completely phagocytised, leaving particles in periapical tissues when extravasated beyond the apex, and after physiological root resorption of the deciduous teeth.2Calen
The addition of zinc oxide (ZO) reduces the phagocytosis of Calen, allowing Calen to accompany the physiological resorption of primary tooth roots, and improve its physicochemical properties
Calen-ZO and Bio-C Pulpecto (Bio-CP) pastes had alkaline pH, CalenZO had a higher pH than Bio-CP (p
Summary
An ideal root canal filling for primary teeth should not hinder the eruption of permanent successor teeth, but rather, should be resorbed as the deciduous tooth roots are physiologically resorbed, and should resorb readily if pressed beyond the apex, be removed if necessary, be radiopaque and not discolour the tooth.1Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) are a combination that has been used as a root canal filling material in primary dentition for a long time. ZOE is genotoxic and cytotoxic, and cannot be completely phagocytised, leaving particles in periapical tissues when extravasated beyond the apex, and after physiological root resorption of the deciduous teeth.2Calen An ideal root canal filling for primary teeth should not hinder the eruption of permanent successor teeth, but rather, should be resorbed as the deciduous tooth roots are physiologically resorbed, and should resorb readily if pressed beyond the apex, be removed if necessary, be radiopaque and not discolour the tooth.. Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) are a combination that has been used as a root canal filling material in primary dentition for a long time.. ZOE is genotoxic and cytotoxic, and cannot be completely phagocytised, leaving particles in periapical tissues when extravasated beyond the apex, and after physiological root resorption of the deciduous teeth.. Calen thickened with zinc oxide (Calen-ZO) has been used as a root canal filling material in the primary dentition.. The addition of zinc oxide (ZO) reduces the phagocytosis of Calen, allowing Calen to accompany the physiological resorption of primary tooth roots, and improve its physicochemical properties.. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil) is a commercial calcium hydroxide-based paste with a viscous vehicle (i.e., polyethylene glycol 400), and has suitable biological properties. Calen thickened with zinc oxide (Calen-ZO) has been used as a root canal filling material in the primary dentition. The addition of zinc oxide (ZO) reduces the phagocytosis of Calen, allowing Calen to accompany the physiological resorption of primary tooth roots, and improve its physicochemical properties. Calen-ZO induces good tissue response, has antimicrobial activity, and is more biocompatible than ZOE.
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