Physicochemical and microbial analysis of plant-based food waste for potential used as an animal feed

Nordalilah Wahab,Mohd Ridzuan Abdul Rashid,Husna Hawa Mohd Hassan,Rabiatul Alawiyah Jahwi,Mohd Mukriz Mohd Kasim,Wan Nur Suzilla Wan Yusuf

doi:10.1063/5.0100675

Nordalilah Wahab, Mohd Ridzuan Abdul Rashid + Show 4 more

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Food waste refers to wasted food nutrients of high quality intended for human consumption and it usually has a high nutritional value. As a result of the lower cost of food waste compared to conventional feeds, manufacturing expenses might be reduced. This present study is aimed to evaluate the potential of plant-based food waste such as soybean waste, pineapple waste, and coconut waste to be developed as animal feed. In this study, there were two main analyses conducted which are physicochemical and microbial analysis of the plant-based food waste. The physicochemical analysis conducted was total yield recovery, particle size, and moisture content followed by proximate quantification of fat, protein, crude fiber, and ash. For the microbial analysis, pH, Total Titratable Acidity, and Total Plate Count analysis were conducted. From the results, it was shown that coconut waste gave the highest reading of the total yield recovery which was 43.60%, followed by soybean waste 27.58% and pineapple waste 22.91%. For the particle size determination, it was revealed that all the samples size ranges from 600 µm – 850 µm. Moreover, it was found that all samples have a good moisture content below 10% which was suitable to be used as animal feed. Besides, it was revealed that coconut waste gave the highest fat content (39.17±0.58%) while soybean waste has the highest protein (7.27±0.67%) and fiber content (101.17±0.1%). For the microbial analysis, the soybean waste (soy dreg) was found to have the lowest pH (4.4±0.10) and highest Total Titratable Acidity (TTA) value (14.25±0.69). Meanwhile, for the Total Plate Count (TPC) analysis, it was revealed that the soybean waste has the least growth of the bacterial colony. From the findings, it was shown that the soybean waste has the potential to be used or formulated as animal feed to support the sustainable food waste management system in Malaysia.

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