Physician’s prosodic behavior and the regulation of patient anxiety: A quantitative study within the Communication Accommodation Theory framework

Abstract

ObjectivesPatients commonly experience anxiety when visiting a medical provider. While regulating its level, the physician may adjust their own prosodic behavior to express different levels of affective empathy and shape the emotional outcome. The primary aim was to examine the impact of convergence and divergence with the patient’s prosodic emotional cues on the patient-perceived physician’s affective empathy and the emotion regulation process. MethodsAnalog patients (n = 132) made assessments after the exposure to an audio vignette of a physician – patient conversation in the prosodic convergence or divergence condition. ResultsConvergence with the prosodic cues of anxiety was associated with the physician experiencing the same as or a similar emotional state to the patient. The former type of emotional reaction was related to lower odds of anxiety alleviation. Prosodic convergence had a negative effect on anxiety alleviation through the mediation of experiencing the same emotional state as the patient. ConclusionsDivergence from the prosodic cues of anxiety and, therefore, a low patient-perceived level of this emotion may facilitate the anxiety regulation process. Practice implicationsA careful use of convergence and divergence with prosodic emotional cues and adequate control of prosody in general are strongly recommended for practitioners.