Abstract
3-Nitroacetophenone (3-NAP) is an organic compound used as an intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceutical agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal and spectral properties of 3-NAP. The study was performed in two groups <i>i.e.</i> control and treated. The control group remained as untreated, and the treated group received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. The control and treated 3-NAP samples were further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), laser particle size analyzer, surface area analyzer, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and ultra violet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) analysis. The XRD analysis showed decrease in crystallite size of treated 3-NAP by 20.27% as compared to the control sample. However, the XRD peaks of treated sample showed an increase in intensity as compared to the control. The DSC result showed a slight increase in melting temperature of treated 3-NAP (80.75ºC) with respect to the control (79.39ºC). The latent heat of fusion of treated 3-NAP was changed by 16.28% as compared to the control sample. The TGA analysis showed an increase in onset temperature of treated sample (192ºC) as compared to the control sample (182ºC). Further, the maximum thermal decomposition temperature (T<sub>max</sub>) of treated 3-NAP was increased as compared to the control. This showed the increase in thermal stability of treated 3-NAP with respect to control. The treated 3-NAP showed an increase in average particle size (d<sub>50</sub>) by 27.6% along with an increase in size exhibited by 99% of particles (d<sub>99</sub>) by 4.9% as compared to the control. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis showed a substantial decrease in surface area by 24.6% with respect to the control. The FT-IR analysis showed an emergence of peak at 1558 cm<sup>-1</sup> in treated 3-NAP sample as compared to the control. Nevertheless, the UV spectral analysis of treated 3-NAP showed no alterations in absorption peaks as compared to the control. Altogether, the result showed that biofield energy treatment has altered the physical, thermal and spectral properties of treated 3-NAP as compared to the control.
Highlights
Nitroaromatic compounds are one of the important group of industrial chemicals in use today
Nitroacetophenone are nitroaromatic compounds that have been commonly used in the synthesis of chemical and pharmaceutical compounds. 4-Nitroacetophenone based compounds are recently recognized as a class of antitrypanosomal drug candidates [3]. 2-Nitroacetophenone is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of cinoxacin that is prescribed for urinary tract infections in adults [4]. 3Nitroacetophenone (3-NAP) is a compound used as Mahendra Kumar Trivedi et al.: Physical, Thermal and Spectral Properties of Biofield Treated 3-Nitroacetophenone intermediate for the synthesis of flurbiprofen that is administered for the treatment of inflammation and arthritis pain [5]
It is assumed that biofield treatment might cause changes in crystal morphology of the treated 3-NAP that may lead to increase in the intensity of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks as compared to the control
Summary
Nitroaromatic compounds are one of the important group of industrial chemicals in use today These organic compounds consist of at least one –NO2 group which is attached to the aromatic ring [1]. Nitroacetophenone are nitroaromatic compounds that have been commonly used in the synthesis of chemical and pharmaceutical compounds. Biofield energy treatment was utilized as novel method for changing the physical and thermal properties of various materials such as metals [15, 16], ceramics [17], organic product [18] and spectral properties of various pharmaceutical drugs [19]. Author planned to study the influence of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal and spectral properties of 3-NAP
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