Abstract
In the development process for a fractured-porous gas reservoir with developed fracture and active water, edge water or bottom water easily bursts rapidly along the fracture to the production well, and the reservoir matrix will absorb water, reducing the gas percolation channel and increasing the gas phase percolation resistance of the reservoir matrix, therefor reducing the stable production capacity and recovery efficiency of the gas reservoir. For this reason, this paper investigates physical simulation experimental technology and mechanisms as reported by both domestic and foreign scholars regarding water invasion in fractured-porous gas reservoirs. In this paper, it is considered that the future trend and focus of water invasion experiments will be to establish a more realistic three-dimensional physical model on the basis of fine geological description, combined with gas reservoir well pattern deployment and production characteristics, and to fully consider the difference between horizontal and vertical water invasion along the reservoir side; at the same time, dynamic parameters such as model pressure field and water saturation field can be obtained in real time. Based on this understanding of the water invasion mechanism of fractured-porous gas reservoirs, we propose the next research direction and the development countermeasures such as water controls, drainage, and dissolved water seals and water locks to combat water invasion in reservoirs, along with the injection of gas to replenish formation energy, etc., so as to slow down and control the influence of water invasion.
Highlights
This paper investigates the experimental research methods and results of domestic and foreign scholars on water invasion mechanisms in fractured-porous gas reservoirs, and summarizes future research directions, as well as putting forward development countermeasures to improve gas recovery of water invaded gas reservoirs, which is of significance for further study
(1) Current research on water invasion mechanisms and new experimental techniques have limitations, i.e., how to truly simulate the structure of the gas reservoir, edge-bottom water distribution and the high temperature and high pressure environment, on the basis of a fine geological model, combined with the features of well pattern deployment and exploitation of the gas reservoir, in order to establish a more realistic three-dimensional physical model, giving full consideration to the difference between water along the lateral and longitudinal invasion, and real-time access to the dynamic parameters such as pressure and water saturation field of the model; these will be the difficulties that need to be overcome in the step
(2) When water invasion occurs in a fractured-porous gas reservoir, water first rushes along the larger fracture, resulting in gas in the reservoir being separated into several units by the fracture, and forming a water seal
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The reservoir rocks of fractured-porous gas reservoirs with water (edge water or bottom water) are generally carbonate rocks and sandstone, its heterogeneity is severe, the main reservoir space is the pore in the matrix, and the main seepage channel is the fracture [22]. It is necessary to summarize the current physical simulation experimental technology, mechanisms, and development technology regarding water invasion, thereby presenting the direction for research For this reason, this paper investigates the experimental research methods and results of domestic and foreign scholars on water invasion mechanisms in fractured-porous gas reservoirs, and summarizes future research directions, as well as putting forward development countermeasures to improve gas recovery of water invaded gas reservoirs, which is of significance for further study. Physical Simulation Experimental Technology of Water Invasion in Gas Reservoirs
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