Abstract
This report searched for relationships between physical performance and other health indices through a detailed investigation of a randomly sampled cohort from a basic town resident registry. Residents between the age of 50 and 89 years were randomly sampled from the basic resident registry of a cooperating town for construction of a 415-participant cohort that minimized selection bias. Cognitive function measures, annual fall frequency, and SF-8 as an HRQOL measure were the outcomes of interest. The impact of physical function on outcomes was predicted using multivariate regression models with age and gender as covariates. Knee muscle strength, grip strength, one-leg standing time, and two-step test score had a significant impact on cognitive scores and SF-8 physical component summary scores. A shift of -1 standard deviation for grip strength, the stand-up test, and the two-step test increased fall risk by 39%, 23%, and 38%, respectively. In conclusion, diminished physical performance is related to serious problems in older individuals, specifically cognitive deterioration, increased fall risk, and inability to maintain HRQOL. These factors are independent of age and gender. Thus, the higher physical function can be maintained in older people, the better the other conditions appear to remain.
Highlights
As the proportion of older people is increasing worldwide, senior health is becoming an increasingly important health issue[1]
Cognitive function according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were comparable between genders
The percentage of subjects who had fallen in the previous year, number of falls/person in the previous year, and SF-8 summary scores were similar as well
Summary
As the proportion of older people is increasing worldwide, senior health is becoming an increasingly important health issue[1]. Typical changes accompanying advanced age include deteriorations in physical performance and cognitive function that can reduce living autonomy. Any level of sarcopenia or other motor dysfunction and accompanying falls represent important problems for institution-dwelling older people[8], and decreases in muscular strength of the lower limbs and the deterioration of balance lead to falls even in the general population[9,10]. Other than those, there are currently few high-quality reports investigating how physical performance impacts cognitive function, falls, and HRQOL in the community-dwelling senior population. This report searched for relationships between physical performance and other health indices through a detailed investigation of the Obuse study cohort to clarify the impact of physical performance on various problems threatening the HRQOL of the general older population. Two-step score SMI (kg/m2) Cognitive function test MoCA score (points) MMSE score (points) Experiencing fall(s) in the previous 1 year (%) Number of falls in the previous 1 year/person HRQOL SF-8 PCS (points) SF-8 MCS (points)
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