Abstract
The paper presents the study results of physicochemical properties of used (fatty) bleaching clay after using it at an oil extraction plant to purify vegetable oil from colored substances. In the studies X-ray phase, IK-spectral, granulometric, electron microscopic analyzes were used. The original and fattened heat-treated at 300 °C and 350 °C сlay was studied. It was revealed that the studied clay is monomineral with a predominance of the montmorillonite component and quartz is present as an impurity. Laser granulometric analysis of the studied clay samples showed that the bleaching clay particles in their bulk have a size not exceeding 100-200 μm and a porous highly developed surface. The specific surface area (Ssp) determined by the BET method on a TriStar II 3020 unit manufactured by Micromeritics (US) is 32 m2/g. Studies of the bleaching clay sorption properties showed that the sorption capacity determined under static conditions for the original clay by Ni2+ ions is 0.25 mmol/g. And for the fired clay it is 0.428 mmol/g, which is 1.7 times higher compared to the original clay. This, apparently, can be explained by an increase in the specific surface area and porosity during heat treatment. Analysis of micrographs obtained using a high-resolution scanning electron microscope TESCAN MIRA3 LMU (Czech Republic) showed that the bleaching clay structure consists of a porous inert material, and its porosity and roughness increase as a result of heat treatment. The IR study of clay samples has shown that during the heat treatment of used greased bleached clay, its structural features change: the destruction of triglycerides of fatty acids and other organic compounds present in the oil after bleaching occurs. For citation: Sverguzova S.V., Shaikhiev I.G., Sapronova Zh.A., Lupandina N.S., Voronina Yu.S., Gafarov R.R. Physical and chemical properties of bleaching clay. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2023. V. 66. N 6. P. 76-84. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20236606.6780.
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