Abstract
SUMMARY Physical and chemical composition of some walnut (Juglans regia L) genotypes grown in Turkey. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) samples were collected during the 2000 and 2001 harvests from different selections of trees grown in Turkey. Important physical and biochemical properties of fruit were examined in these walnut types. At the end of this study, 10 types were selected and nut and kernel properties, fatty acid composition and the proximate composition of these selections which are commonly grown in Turkey were evaluated. Physical properties are attributed to the quality criteria of nuts. Investigated genotypes showed good quality according to the test results. The total oil content ranged from 61.97 to 70.92% while the crude protein ranged from 15.17 to 19.24%. Ash ranged from 1.26 to 2.06% while the moisture was found between 3.25-3.91% of the kernel. The total carbohydrate was calculated as between 8.05-13.23%. The oleic acid content of the oils ranged from 21.18 to 40.20% of the total fatty acids, while the linoleic acid content ranged from 43.94 to 60.12% and the linolenic contents from 6.91 to11.52%. It was found that palmitic acid was between 5.24 and 7.62%, while stearic acid ranged from 2.56 to 3.67%.
Highlights
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is the oldest cultivated fruit in the world and grown spontaneously almost all over Turkey (Sen, 1986)
A statistical comparison was made among the genotypes and over the years 2000 and 2001
As the results lacked any statistical significance between both years, the mean of two years’ data for chemical and physical properties was taken
Summary
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is the oldest cultivated fruit in the world and grown spontaneously almost all over Turkey (Sen, 1986). Walnuts have significant economical value and medicinal importance for human health because of their biochemical composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially 18:2 and 18:3 and protein value (Savage et al, 2001). People consume it in large quantities; it has a very important place in public nutritional habits. Several studies have been carried out especially dealing with the quality and fruit properties of walnuts grown in Turkey (Olez, 1971; Sen, 1983; Celebioglu et al, 1988; Sen and Beyhan, 1993; Ferhatoglu, 1993; Akca and Sen, 1995; Askin and Gun, 1995; Koyuncu and Askin, 1995; Koyuncu and Askin, 1999)
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