Abstract
Phylum Microsporidia comprises from various species, number of which are pathogenic and capable of infecting humans by the means of water. Important human pathogens Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis were detected in both, ground and surface waters. Other Microsporidia species such as Encephalitozoon cuniculi and Encephalitozoon hellem but also Pleistophora spp. and Vittaforma corneae were also detected in water. Even though disinfection and filtration of drinking water is usually effective against these pathogens, malfunctions in water treatment system can lead to epidemics, such as one that occurred in 1995 in Lyon where 200 people got infected. Therefore pathogens from genus Microsporidia should be routinely monitored in drinking water, but also in water sources and recreational areas.
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