Abstract
BackgroundCytochrome P450 (P450) is a functionally diverse and multifamily class of enzymes which catalyses vast variety of biochemical reactions. P450 genes play regulatory role in growth, development and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomato) is an economically important crop plant and model system for various studies with massive genomic data. The comprehensive identification and characterization of P450 genes was lacking. Probing tomato genome for P450 identification would provide valuable information about the functions and evolution of the P450 gene family.ResultsIn the present study, we have identified 233 P450 genes from tomato genome along with conserved motifs. Through the phylogenetic analysis of Solanum lycopersicum P450 (SlP450) protein sequences, they were classified into two major clades and nine clans further divided into 42 families. RT-qPCR analysis of selected six candidate genes were corroborated with digital expression profile. Out of 233 SlP450 genes, 73 showed expression evidence in 19 tissues of tomato. Out of 22 intron gain/loss positions, two positions were conserved in tomato P450 genes supporting intron late theory of intron evolution in SlP450 families. The comparison between tomato and other related plant P450s families showed that CYP728, CYP733, CYP80, CYP92, CYP736 and CYP749 families have been evolved in tomato and few higher plants whereas lost from Arabidopsis. The global promoter analysis of SlP450 against all the protein coding genes, coupled with expression data, revealed statistical overrepresentation of few promoter motifs in SlP450 genes which were highly expressed in specific tissue of tomato. Hence, these identified promoter motifs can be pursued further as tissue specific promoter that are driving expression of respective SlP450.ConclusionsThe phylogenetic analysis and expression profiles of tomato P450 gene family offers essential genomic resource for their functional characterization. This study allows comparison of SlP450 gene family with other Solanaceae members which are also economically important and attempt to classify functionally important SlP450 genes into groups and families. This report would enable researchers working on Tomato P450 to select appropriate candidate genes from huge repertoire of P450 genes depending on their phylogenetic class, tissue specific expression and promoter prevalence.
Highlights
Cytochrome P450 (P450) is a functionally diverse and multifamily class of enzymes which catalyses vast variety of biochemical reactions
These 254 Arabidopsis P450 sequences were treated as a query to perform BlastP search with the E-value ≤1e− 40 against tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genome (ITAG2.3) available at Phytozome database V10 [18]
A manual analysis of putative Solanum lycopersicum P450 (SlP450) sequences was conducted for the complete ORF and truncation
Summary
Cytochrome P450 (P450) is a functionally diverse and multifamily class of enzymes which catalyses vast variety of biochemical reactions. The P450 monooxygenases are heme-thiolate enzymes, which catalyse broad range of chemical reactions like epoxidation, sulfoxidation, dehalogenation, dealkylation, C-C cleavage, ring extension, and reduction with the help of oxygen and NADPH [2]. They are involved in the oxidative metabolism of various endogenous and exogenous compounds like herbicides, pesticides and xenobiotics [3, 4]. Different types of glycoalkaloids present in all members of Solanaceae family are vital compounds but toxic to other living organisms [12]. The P450 mediated derivatization of glycoalkaloids made them less toxic and during course of domestication solanaceae members with less amount of toxic glycoalkaloids have been selected [13]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
