Abstract
Three highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 and 4 Newcastle disease viruses were isolated from sick or dead chickens in southwestern Nigeria. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis placed them within H5N1 subclade 2.2.2. Intravenous and intranasal pathogenicity tests produced systemic disease with vascular endothelial cell tropism in chickens.
Highlights
Three highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 and 4 Newcastle disease viruses were isolated from sick or dead chickens in southwestern Nigeria
Of the 3 viruses demonstrated that all isolates possessed a multiple basic amino acid at the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site with the sequence PQGERRRKKR. Sequences at this site were identical to those of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 viruses from Europe, Russia, Asia, and from recent isolates from the Lagos state of Nigeria [2]; it lacks a single basic residue when compared with HA from strains from southeastern People’s Republic of China, Vietnam, Cambodia (PQRERRRKKRG), and Thailand (PQREKRRKKRG) [3]
Phylogenetic analysis based on the HA sequence and on complete genome sequences of HPAI (H5N1) strains grouped the 3 new isolates from Nigeria with other isolates from Europe, the Middle East, and Lagos state of Nigeria
Summary
Three highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 and 4 Newcastle disease viruses were isolated from sick or dead chickens in southwestern Nigeria. Sequences at this site were identical to those of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 viruses from Europe, Russia, Asia, and from recent isolates from the Lagos state of Nigeria [2]; it lacks a single basic residue when compared with HA from strains from southeastern People’s Republic of China, Vietnam, Cambodia (PQRERRRKKRG), and Thailand (PQREKRRKKRG) [3]. The online Technical Appendix, available from www.cdc.gov/EID/content/14/11/1753-Techapp.pdf, shows the phylogenetic trees generated on the basis of the sequences of HA, NA, nucleocapsid protein (NP), and NS segments.
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