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Abstract
Botanical gardens are areas that provide protection for trees and other organisms like polyporous fungi. Polyporous fungi are important fungi that degrade remaining lignocellulosic in leaf litter or dead trees. These mycobiota are also noted for their vital role in biorefinery, bioremediation, medicine and phytopathogen. The knowledge of the importance of the polyporous fungi to describe polyporous fungal species is fundamental for generating data base information of their occurrence and their functions. This research’s goal was to explore and characterize the polyporous fungi collected in Batam Botanical Garden in three sampling areas. Fungal samples were collected in May and July 2017. Subsequently, morphological characters were recorded, the fungal tissue was isolated to extract the DNA, then the data sequence was amplified and aligned to construct a phylogenetic tree. Five fungal families found belong to order Polyporales and were classified morphologically. They were Polyporaceae, Ganodermataceae, Fomitopsidaceae, Irpicaceae and Hymenochaetaceae. Three fungal species namely; Pycnoporus sanguineus, Trametes ijubarskii, and Antrodia wangii were identified based on phyllogenetic analysis whereas seven other fungal samples were identified as Earliella scabrosa, Hexagonia tenuis, Polyporus tenuiculus Lenzites betulina, Lentinus concavus, Phellinus rimosus and Hexagonia apiaria. This study classifies and adds fundamental databases on fungal taxonomy and diversity on the fungal organisms found in Batam Botanical Garden. This background data is vital to carry out an advance research in some areas such as bio-chemistry, bio-degradation, pharmacology and biotechnology.
Highlights
Polyporous fungi belong to order Polyporales which was grouped into the 18 families based on morphology, biochemical, and phylogenetic observation (Justo et al, 2017)
This study documented the study, classification and identification of the polyporous fungi based on the phylogenetic analysis and morphological characters observed in the Batam Botanical Garden, Riau island Province
Three species of Polyporous fungi collected from Batam Botanical Garden were identified using the phylogram analysis
Summary
Polyporous fungi belong to order Polyporales which was grouped into the 18 families based on morphology, biochemical, and phylogenetic observation (Justo et al, 2017). Due to the interest in studying polyporous fungi draws, especially with molecular analysis, currently more than 500 taxonomic proposals were developed from 2010-2017 and 2,183 research articles were highlighted the order Polyporales (Zhao et al, 2015; Justo et al, 2017). The ability of polyporous fungi to degrade lignocellulosic materials is due to its secretion of extra-cellular enzymes with various lignocellulose-degradation abilities (Berrin et al, 2012). Action of these hydrolytic enzymes were studied in the bioconversion of cell wall polyssacharide to simple sugar for bioethanol (Margeot et al, 2009). Polyporaceae, Ganodermataceae and Fomitopsidaceae are known and studied due to their ability to degradae lignin and cell wall (Kirk & Farrell., 1987)
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