Abstract
Goats, among the livestock species, are considered the most prolific ruminant especially under callous climatic conditions. The aim of the present study was to depict the current phylogenetic status and genetic diversities of Black Bengal (BBG) and Jamunapari goat of Bangladesh and the world. Cytochrome b (cytb) gene (1140 bp) of mitochondrial DNA of Black Bengal goats (Capra hircus) was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the first time in Bangladesh. The sequence from BBG had no nucleotide (nt) difference and 100% homology with the BBG (C. hircus) of India and also the goats (C. hircus) from China (Yangtze River Delta White Goat), Thailand (Wild Cervidae), Japan (Bezoar goat) and South Africa (Domestic goat). The sequence had 1-5 nt differences and 99% homology with the goats (C. hircus) from China, Thailand and Japan (other goats), and also with the goats (C. hircus) from Malaysia, South Korea, France, Italy, Pakistan, Slovenia, Switzerland and USA. Phylogenetic tree constructed with Black Bengal Goat (BBG-K-2) and Jamunapari goats (SG-1) of Bangladesh with cytochrome b nucleotide sequences were closely related to China-HM7. China-YP xj46, Pakistan-Lineage C1, Pakistan-Lineage C2, Slovenia- ChSo1, Switzerland-ChTo2992 and shared 98.8% to 99% and 98.3% to 98.6% similarity, respectively and 1-1.2% and 1.4 to 1.7% genetic distance, respectively. Based on Ctb gene Sequence collected from Bangladeshi Black Bengal Goats (BBG-K-2) and Jamunapari goats (SG- 1) that were closely related and shared with the same genetic lineage of China HM18 and India-BBG-DQ073048, respectively, suggesting a common origin.
 SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 23-35 (2019)
Highlights
Archaeological evidences indicated that goats were the first ruminant animal to be domesticated 10,500 years ago around the Fertile Crescent (Fernández et al, 2006; Zeder, 2008)
Partial sequences, obtained using forward and reverse primers of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Cytochrome b (Cyt b) sequences were combined to full length sequences (420 bp for Black Bengal) via the SeqMan Genome Assembler (DNAstar, USA) and were compared to the Gene Bank database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) by means of the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) to identify close phylogenetic relatives
The partial mtDNA Cytochrome B gene sequences obtained in this study have been deposited in the GenBank database under the accession numbers MN066604 for Black Bengal goat (BBG-K-2) and MN066605 for Jamunapari goat (SG-1)
Summary
Archaeological evidences indicated that goats were the first ruminant animal to be domesticated 10,500 years ago around the Fertile Crescent (Fernández et al, 2006; Zeder, 2008). Partial sequences, obtained using forward and reverse primers of mtDNA Cyt b sequences were combined to full length sequences (420 bp for Black Bengal) via the SeqMan Genome Assembler (DNAstar, USA) and were compared to the Gene Bank database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/GenBank) by means of the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) to identify close phylogenetic relatives. Based on the resulted partial cyt b gene sequence (N-terminal part) of mitochondrial DNA of Black Bengal goat (Bangladesh-BBG-K-2) of Khulna district, similar sized sequence was taken from that of Jamnapari goat (Bangladesh-Jamnapari-SG) and that of 42 other goats of different countries from Gene Bank Databases. The partial mtDNA Cytochrome B gene sequences obtained in this study have been deposited in the GenBank database under the accession numbers MN066604 for Black Bengal goat (BBG-K-2) and MN066605 for Jamunapari goat (SG-1). Accession No DQ514544 EU259119 EU259120 EU259132 DQ514547 DQ514548 FJ556564 FJ556557
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