Abstract
Few empirical studies have examined phronesis and sophia (Hebrew, hochma) within particular religious and cultural groups. We interviewed 50 Muslims from Pakistan and 76 Jews from Canada about people and historical figures they consider wise. Also, the Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale measured phronesis, the Foundational Values Scale measured sophia/hochma and the Life Satisfication Scale measured of quality of life. ANCOVAS found Jewish participants scored higher on phronesis, whereas Muslim participants scored higher on sophia/hochma. Children had less phronesis than adolescents or adults, whereas adults had more sophia/hochma than did children and adolescents. All participants were more likely to nominate men as wise.
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