Photosynthetic productivity of grain kidney bean varieties as affected by pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar fertilization

Abstract

Purpose. Reveal the influence of varietal characteristics, seed inoculation and foliar fertilization on the photosynthetic productivity of kidney bean.
 Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative, and calculation method.
 Results. The leaf area of kidney bean is increasing from the phase of the third trifoliate leaf to the flowering phase. The maximum leaf area was found at the end of flowering phase and amounted to 33.7–40.3 thousand m2/ha, varying over varieties, foliar fertilization and the use of biological products. The best fertilizer option for maximum dry matter accumulation was the double application of potassium humate in combination with pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with biological products. The highest dry matter accumulation in this fertilization treatment was demonstrated by ‘Otrada’ (5.82 t/ha) and ‘Nata’ (5.86 t/ha) varieties, reaching a maximum at the beginning of ripening. These indicators exceeded the control treatment by 0.64 t/ha or 12.4% and 0.74 t/ha or 14.5%. Photosynthetic potential reached a maximum in the interphase period "the beginning of flowering – the end of flowering" and reached a point of 0.70–0.99 million m2·day/ha. The maximum net productivity of photosynthesis in all studied kidney been varieties, except for ‘Halaktyka’, was in the period “the third true leaf – the beginning of flowering” and amounted to 3.54–4.26 g/m2 per day.
 Conclusions. The maximum amounts of the assimilation surface area (39.8–40.5 thousand m2/ha) were ensured by ‘Bukovynka’, ‘Otrada’ and ‘Nata’ varieties under the double application of potassium humate in combination with pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with biological products. The maximum values of photosynthetic potential in the conditions of research were provided by varieties ‘Nata’ (2.0 million m2·days/ha), ‘Ros’ (2.07 million m2·days/ha) and ‘Otrada’ (2.08 million m2·days/ha) under fertilization combined pre-sowing inoculation of seeds and two foliar fertilizations with potassium humate. The highest dry matter content in this fertilization treatment was accumulated by ‘Otrada’ (5.82 t/ha) and ‘Nata’ (5.86 t/ha) varieties, reaching a maximum at the beginning of ripening phase. The maximum net productivity of photosynthesis of kidney bean was achieved by ‘Otrada’ variety amounting to 4.06–4.26 g/m2 per day.