Photosynthesis of Physalis peruviana under different densities of photons and saline stress

Francisco Romário Andrade Figueiredo,Manoel Bandeira De Albuquerque,João Everthon Da Silva Ribeiro,Wilma Freitas Celedônio,Reynaldo Teodoro De Fátima,Thiago Jardelino Dias,Jean Telvio Andrade Ferreira,Jackson Silva Nóbrega

doi:10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-53948

Abstract

Physalis peruviana L. is a solanacea that has been gaining prominence due to its fruits presenting good acceptance in the national and international market. However, several abiotic factors, such as salinity, can cause physiological disturbances in plants, and these changes may be of greater or lesser intent according to species. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the physiological behavior of P. peruviana submitted to different fluxes of photosynthetically active photons (PPFD) and saline stress. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three saline levels (ECw) (0.5, 2.75 and 5.00 dS m-1) with four replications. Gas exchange measurements were performed with a portable infrared gas analyzer. Liquid CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency were measured. Data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and in cases of significance applied to regression analysis. The increase in PPFD provided reductions in stomatal conductance up to the density of approximately 400 μmol m-2s-1, being more pronounced in ECw of 2.75 and 5.0 dS m-1. The maximum CO2 assimilation rates in the three salinities are different according to the PPFD. The salinity of irrigation water reduced the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis in P. peruviana plants.

Highlights

Physalis peruviana L. is an exotic plant belonging to the family Solanaceae, perennial herbaceous, semi-shrub and that attracts great interest because of its nutritional and functional properties (Bravo and Osorio 2016)
Data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and in cases of significance applied to regression analysis
The maximum CO2 assimilation rates in the three salinities are different according to the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)

Summary

Introduction

Physalis peruviana L. is an exotic plant belonging to the family Solanaceae, perennial herbaceous, semi-shrub and that attracts great interest because of its nutritional and functional properties (Bravo and Osorio 2016). Luminosity is one of the majors, where inadequate deviations and oscillations can damage plants, limiting their physiological processes, among them, photosynthesis (Santos et al 2014). Plants under poor lighting conditions are reduced photosynthetic process, reflected in a lower production of carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose and starch), which would be evidenced in their relative growth (Melo Júnior 2015). Photosynthesis of Physalis peruviana under different densities of photons and saline stress. The salinity of soil or irrigation water can cause reductions in the photosynthetic process, either by stomatal factors or due to physiological damages. In addition to limiting plant growth and production, saline stress impairs physiological processes and nutrient uptake, causing nutritional imbalance or ionic toxicity (Bekhradi et al 2015)

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